Group 1 - Alkali Metals
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What are the alkali metals in Group 1?
Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K)
How does reactivity change in Group 1 metals?
Reactivity increases down the group.
How do melting and boiling points change in Group 1 metals?
Melting and boiling points decrease down the group.
What are the physical properties of Group 1 metals at room temperature?
They are soft, solid, and have lower melting and boiling points than other metals.
How do Group 1 metals react with air?
They form metal oxides.
What is a unique property of Group 1 metals regarding water?
They all react with water, producing hydrogen gas and metal hydroxide.
What happens when Lithium reacts with water?
Lithium stays as a solid.
What happens when Sodium or Potassium reacts with water?
They melt and form a ball; Potassium reacts more vigorously.
What flame color does Potassium produce when reacting with water?
A lilac flame.
What is produced when Group 1 metals react with water?
Hydrogen gas and metal hydroxide, forming a strong alkaline solution.
Provide the reaction of Lithium with water.
2 Li (s) + 2 H2O (aq) → H2 (g) + 2 LiOH (aq)
Provide the reaction of Sodium with water.
2 Na (s) + 2 H2O (aq) → H2 (g) + 2 NaOH (aq)
Provide the reaction of Potassium with water.
2 K (s) + 2 H2O (aq) → H2 (g) + 2 KOH (aq)
How do Group 1 metals react with non-metals?
They form ions by losing or gaining electrons.
What is the ionic bond formation example involving Sodium and Chlorine?
2 Na (s) + Cl2 (g) → 2 NaCl (s)
What type of compounds do Group 1 metals form with non-metals?
They form white solid compounds.