2.1.1 Atomic Structure and Isotopes
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What is the relative mass and charge of a proton?
Mass: 1 Charge: +1
What is the relative mass and charge of a neutron?
Mass: 1 Charge: 0
What is the relative mass and charge of an electron?
Mass: Nearly 0 Charge: -1
Define Relative Isotopic Mass
The mass of an atom of a single isotope relative to ¹⁄₁₂ of a Carbon 12 isotope
Define Relative Atomic Mass
The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to ¹⁄₁₂ of a Carbon 12 atom
What is a mass spectrometer?
A machine that will find the abundances of elements in an isotope sample
What is the relative atomic mass (Mr) of H₂O?
18
What is meant by an “ionic equation”?
An equation that only includes species (elements) that react.
What is meant by a “spectator ion”?
An ion that does not change in a reaction. They should be removed from ionic equations.
What is the method to form an ionic equation? 3 mark question
• Form an unbalanced symbol equation, using the elements and compounds (given in word form) in the question. State symbols should be included. • Balance the symbol equation (1/3) • Split aqueous (aq) compounds into their ions. • Bring non-aqueous (aq) compounds down with the ions. • Eliminate the ions that do not change (spectator ions) (2/3) • Check that the final ionic equation is balanced (3/3)