Nutrients & Feedstuff

*Study of how body uses nutrients in feed to sustain life and for productive purposes *50%-80% of total cost in livestock production is feed related

*Component of feed that aids in the support of life

*Any material, after ingestion by the animal, is capable of being digested, absorbed and utilized *Not all feed is utilized

*Water *Dry Matter *Inorganic Matter (minerals) *Organic Matter carbohydrates (digestible/undigestible) lipids (fats) proteins vitamins

Water

• transport of nutrients and metabolic waste *chemical reactions *regulation of body temperature

*drinking water * water in feed * metabolic water

• urine • feces • vaporization from lungs and dissipation through the skin • sweat through sweat glands

*Temperature *Feed Type (greens) * Pasture *Water Type (Be clean) * Stage of Production (lactation is highest)

• Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, and Oxygen *structure of proteins (composed of amino acids) *EXPENSIVE • the need declines with age true growth, protein decreases

10 *arginine (pets) *lysine (pigs)

*Complete balance of essential AA * Animal Protein is HIGH in quality *Plant protein are NOT ALWAYS high in quality

*wider array of AA * no limiting AA *more efficient growth * we use energy to break It down

*hydrophobic molecules that contain Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen

*glyceral backbone with one, two, or three fatty acids attached by an ester linkage monoglyceride 1 diglyceride 2 triglyceride 3

2-24

NO double bonds between carbons

Fat

Three fatty acids are end products of carbohydrate digestion in ruminant *produced by microbial fermentation *energy source for ruminants

2 carbons

3 carbons

4 carbons

*Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen *formed by photosynethis in plants grass/corn/wheats/oats/grains

glucose