CARBOHYDRATES
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
卡片预览 (6 张)
carbohydrates are ??? + 4 functions
polyhydroxylated aldehydes and ketones • energy source • part of structural framework • part of nucleic acids and some lipids and proteins • as units on cell surfaces for cell-cell recognition processes
aldoses vs ketones? + major classification
aldoses: has aldehydes ketones: has ketones both under monosaccharides
4 major classes of carbohydrates + differences
• Monosaccharides (simple sugars) - single polyhydroxylated aldehyde or ketone unit • Disaccharides - consist of 2 monosaccharides linked together by glycosidic bond • Oligosaccharides - made of 3-10 monosaccharide units • ## Polysaccharidelong chains of monosaccharide units
MONOSACCHARIDES - general formula? - simplest type( (2) • 2 classifications?
(C-H2O)n • 3 carbon atoms: 1. Glyceraldehyde 2. Dihydroxyacetone Classified under: 1. Carbonyl Group - aldose vs ketose 2. Number of C atoms - trioses - tetroses - pentoses - hexoses
MONOSACCHARIDES • optical activity? • can exist as?
• optically active EXCEPT Dihydroxyacetone • can exist as pairs of enantiomers
MONOSACCHARIDES • relative configuration is based on? • 2 configurations? • which of the 2 ^^ is naturally occurring?
• based on the penultimate carbon (last CHIRAL carbon from the top) or katabi ng Oxygen D - OH group is on the right of the penultimate carbon (naturally ocurring) L - OH group is on the left of the penultimate carbon