mitosis
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what do the check points at the end of g1 and g2 do?
check that everything is ready for division and that DNA will be correctly replicated and passed on
what happens in the M phase?
when the replaced chromosomes are divided for placement in two new daughter nuclei
what is Mittosis a form of?
nuclear division
what does mitosis result in?
2 daughter nuclei that are genetically identical to the parent nucleus
when is the M phase Mitosis?
in eukaryotic and somatic cells
when is the M phase Meiosis?
gamete cells (egg and sperm)
what are the 5 distinct phases of mitosis?
prophase,(prometaphase), metaphase, anaphase and telophase
what happens in prophase (before phase)?
in the nucleus the chromosomes condense and become visible under a light microscope and in the cytoplasm mitotic spindle forms
what are mitotic spindles?
an array of microtubules; scaffolding. which provides structure and mechanical fore to separate the chromosomes
what are the components to the mitotic spindle?
centrosome, centrioles, spindle fibers
centrosome
structure containing centrioles
centrioles
paired; microtubule organizing center centrioles
spindle fibers
array of microtubules originating from the centrioles
are spindle fibers visible with ordinary staining techniques
no
prometaphase?
nuclear envelope breaks down, chromosome pairs attach to eachother at a structure called a centromere (now sister chromatids)
spindle fibers contact each pair of chromosomes at the
kinetochores
is prometaphase identifiable with a light microscope?
no
metaphase?
chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell kinetochores attach along “metaphase plate”
anaphase?
sister chromatids separate and individuals chromosomes are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
telophase
nuclear envelope reforms and spindle apparatus disintegrates