Cereals 2024 Week 9 Lecture Nitrogen Nutrition
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Whats the important to get a cereal crop moderate-high yielding
Nitrogen uptake
When the crop receives nitrogen what % of N is “efficiency N recovery” and “what is the soil N uptake already in the soil?
• Efficiency of fertilizer N recovery = 0.58, 58% -Soil N uptake = 95kg/ha
Whats the fertiliser N rate (kg/ha) from previous question in terms of formula?
Crop N uptake (kg/ha)= 95(kg) + 0.58 = Fert N rate
What is used in Ireland and UK as a basis for fertiliser N Recommendations?
Nitrogen Index system for cereals
What does the N index take onto account for each tillage crop? (3)
– the previous crop – manuring history of the field – soil type
What does the N index scale go from?
1-4
Explain Index 1:
small release of soil N The fifth tillage crop following permanent pasture. For subsequent tillage crops use the continuous tillage table
Explain Index 2:
medium release of soil N The 3rd or 4th tillage crop following permanent pasture. If original permanent pasture was cut only, use index 1
Explain Index 3:
large release of soil N The 1st or 2nd tillage crop following permanent pasture (see also index 4). If original permanent pasture was cut only, use index 2
Explain Index 4:
very large release of soil N The 1st or 2nd tillage crop following very good permanent pasture which was grazed only.
In sort of protein do you want in Barley?
Moderate The more N you apply, the higher protein you get so apply a moderate N value
The more N you apply the greater the risk of what?
lodging
What does the N Index system for cereals require ?
requires that nutrient supply be matched to crop demand, both in terms of the quantity applied and the time of application relative to the crop yield, soil and climatic conditions
Index: 1 2 3 4 W. Wheat kg/N/Ha? Winter Cereals
1- 210 2-180 3-120 4-80
Index: 1 2 3 4 W. Barley kg/N/Ha? Winter Cereals
1- 180 2-155 3-120 4-80
Index: 1 2 3 4 W. Oats kg/N/Ha? Winter Cereals
1- 145 2- 120 3- 85 4- 45
Index: 1 2 3 4 S.Wheat kg/N/Ha? Spring Cereals
1-160 2-130 3-95 4-60
Index: 1 2 3 4 S.Barley kg/N/Ha? Spring Cereals
1- 135 2- 100 3- 75 4- 40
Index: 1 2 3 4 S.Oats kg/N/Ha? Spring Cereals
1- 110 2- 90 3- 60 4- 30
Increase use of N fertiliser will…
Increase yield
If i apply 120-135 kg/ha on malting barley what grain yield will i receive ?
7.5 t/ha grain yield
What type of N% is required for high quality malt for making beer?
Moderate grain N% is required
To avoid low grain protein in matling barley how much extra should you apply ?
20kg/ha
Malting Barley : Effect of +40 kg N on Grain Protein % - Trends over 3 Years - whats the outcome?
10% increase in yields with +40 kg N