Proteins
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What is the molecular makeup of protein?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
What other elements do they contain?
Sulfur, Phosphorus and Iron
How many amino acids are there? And how many are essential?
20 9
What forms between amino acids?
Peptide bonds
What are polypeptides?
Polypeptides are chains of amino acids.
What are two amino acids called?
Dipeptide
What is the MAIN importance of proteins?
Energy reserve
What is the importance of proteins in terms of membranes?
Component of cell membranes
What is the importance of proteins in relation to DNA?
Intergral structural componet of chrmosomes.
What are the deficiency diseases from lack of protein?
Marasmus and Kwashiorkor
What is the importance of proteins in relation to mechanical and structural functions? (4)
• Actin and myosin in muscle • Keratin in hair,skin and nails • Collagen in connective tissue • Cartilage in bones
What is the importance of proteins in relation to hormones?
Regulatory function as hormones
What is the importance of proteins in relation to enzymes?
Controlling and catalytic functions as enzymes.
What is the importance of proteins in relation to our immune system?
Protection, in the form of antibodies.
What is the importance of proteins in relation to our circulatory system? (2)
• Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body • Haemoglobin in red blood cells
What is the chemical test for proteins?
Biuret test • Positive test: purple • Negative test: blue
What is the other test for proteins?
• Millon’s reagent • Positive test: brick red precipitate • Negative test: blue