Psych References for key info

Described the difference between a group and a team

Defined Group Dynamics ‘The nature of groups, the laws of their developments and interrelations with individuals, other groups and larger institution’

Group Effectiveness Concept Actual productivity = potential productivity - process losses to maximise group effectiveness you need to improve potential productivity and minimise process losses.

The best individuals make the best team

Perspectives for considering group composition Amount of group resources Variability of group resources Compatibility Contrasting with other research They also found that homogeneity in ability was positively associated with team effectiveness in female tennis players - emphasising it is sport specific.

Amount of group resources - Amount of skill Variability of group resources - variability in skills and attributes - Homogeneous vs heterogeneous -- heterogeneous is more successful/ Compatibility - The fit between group members

However the importance of individual ability will decrease as the importance for coordination increases also defined ringlemann effect

The Five Factor Personality Model OCEAN

OCEAN Openness to experience Conscientiousness Extra-version Agreeableness Neuroticism Costa and Macrae 1992

Extroversion Judge et al 2002

Physical environment group territory Group size

The phenomenon by which individual performance decreases as the number of people in the group increases Weinberg and Gould 2011

Reduced motivation, due to a decreasing sense of personal accountability was deemed the most important factor.

The tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually.

An individuals output can’t be evaluated individually - hidden or lost in the crowd An individual perceives their effort is redundant Low personal or group bailed placed on the task No comparison against group standards available Others are expected to perform well.