Chapter 8.3: Physical Properties of Haloalkanes
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Define homolytic bond cleavage
cleavage of a bond so that each fragment retains one electron; formation of radicals
What is any chemical species that contains one or more unpaired electrons?
radical
What is a group of intermolecular attractive forces including dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and induced dipole-induced dipole (dispersion) forces?
van der Waals forces
What is cleavage of a bond so that each fragment retains one electron; formation of radicals?
homolytic bond cleavage
What is the minimum distance of approach to an atom that does not cause nonbonded interaction strain?
van der Waals radius
Define radical
any chemical species that contains one or more unpaired electrons
Define heterolytic bond cleavage
cleavage of a bond so that one fragment retains both electrons and the other retains none
Define polarizability
a measure of the ease of distortion of the distribution of electron density about an atom or group in response to interaction with other molecules or ions
What is a barbed curved arrow used to show that change in position of a single electron?
fishhook arrows
Define fishhook arrows
a barbed curved arrow used to show that change in position of a single electron
What is a measure of the ease of distortion of the distribution of electron density about an atom or group in response to interaction with other molecules or ions?
polarizability
What is cleavage of a bond so that one fragment retains both electrons and the other retains none?
heterolytic bond cleavage
Define Van der Waals radius
the minimum distance of approach to an atom that does not cause nonbonded interaction strain
Define van der Waals forces
a group of intermolecular attractive forces including dipole-dipole, dipole-induced dipole, and induced dipole-induced dipole (dispersion) forces