Biology - Cell Division and Growth
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Name the 3 processes involved in cell growth?
1) Cell division 2) Cell elongation 3) Cell differentiation (DED)
ANIMALS grow through what process?
Cell division (through mitosis)
PLANTS grow by what 2 processes?
Cell division Cell elongation
Describe cell elongation in a plant?
When a plant cell EXPANDS, making the cell BIGGER
Describe cell differentiation in ANIMALS and PLANTS?
When animals and plant cells CHANGE to become SPECIALISED at its JOB, it’s how they develop
In cancer, what happens to the cells?
Uncontrolled cell division (through mitosis)
What structure in an organism controls how quickly cells divide by mitosis?
An organisms DNA
What is likely to occur in the cells DNA which may lead to uncontrolled cell division?
Changes in the cells DNA
When there is uncontrolled cell division in an organism, what is likely to occur?
A mass of abnormal cells called a tumour.
Cancer is a tumour that spreads quickly into the surrounding tissue. True or False?
True.
What is a random change in DNA called?
A mutation.
What is the name of the charts called to check that babies and children are growing normally?
Growth charts
See p 21 as you will need to know what a growth chart looks like and percentiles. Growth charts measure weight (kg) against age (months or years)
What is the function of percentiles in a growth chart?
To see the weight of the baby/child compared to the weight of other babies of the same age.
If a baby is in the 75th percentile what does this mean?
75% of babies are lighter and 25% of babies are heavier (remember the higher/greater the percentile the heavier the baby or child). So the 99.6th percentile is the heaviest and the 0.4th percentile is the lightest.
Amol is 4 months old and weighs 6kg. Benjamin is 7 months old and weighs 5kg. Using the percentile chart on p 21, suggest whether a doctor might be concerned about the growth of either of these babies.