The Braiin And The Nervous System
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The nervous system is made of:
brain Spinal cord Peripheral nerves
____ provides several survival advantages.
Bilateral symmetry
Precursors of neurons evolved about ____ million years ago.
600
Neuronal circuits first appeared about ___-___ million years ago.
500 – 550
The brain develops from three bulges:
Prosencephalon (forebrain) Mesencephalon (midbrain) Rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
Medial
Towards the middle
Lateral
Towards the side
Ipsilateral
On the same side
Contralateral
On the opposite side
Distal
Far end of the limb
Proximal
Nearest point of the limb, where it attaches to the body
____ collect information from outside and inside the body.
Sensory neurons
____ carry signals to the muscles to enable movement.
Motor neurons
___ are specialized chemicals released by neurons to communicate with other cells.
Neurotransmitters
Peripheral nervous system has two parts
• Somatic Nervous System • Autonomic Nervous System
Peripheral nervous system has two parts
• Somatic Nervous System • Autonomic Nervous System
Deals with external world. Sensory and motor neurons carry information about voluntary movement and conscious awareness
• Somatic Nervous System
• Deals with internal world. • Sensory and motor neurons guide automatic processes
Autonomic Nervous System
Autonomic nervous system is divided into two components.
• Sympathetic Branch • Parasympathetic Branch
Sympathetic Branch
• Gets the body ready to react to threats. • Increases heart and respiration rates and increases blood pressure.
Parasympathetic Branch
• Calms the body down. • Slows heart and respiration rate and increased digestion.
The spine is divided into four segments
Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral
Each peripheral nerve relates to a particular part of the body, known as a ____.
dermatome
The spinal cord is divided into ____ & _____
gray matter and white matter.