Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals
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What is the primary role of the diet?
To provide sufficient nutrients and meet one’s nutritional requirements.
How is basica nutrition different from functional foods?
It concentrates on nutrients for normal growth and development and is just used for basic nutrients and energy.
How are functional foods different than basic nutrition?
Functional foods focus on bioactive compounds such as phytochemicals in addition to basic nutrition. They are used for additional health benefits and disease prevention.
What is a functional food?
Similar to a conventional food with physiological benefits and/or the ability to reduce risk of chronic disease. Goes beyond basic nutritional functions and contains bioactive compounds.
What are bioactive compounds?
Naturally occurring chemical compounds contained in, or derived from, a plant, animal, or marine source, that exerts a desired health/wellness benefit.
What is a nutraceutical?
A product which is isolated or purified from foods and sold in its medicinal form.
How are nutraceuticals different from pharmaceuticals?
They are demonstrated to have a physiological benefit or protect against disease rather than being treatment fro a disease.
Compare functional foods and nutraceuticals.
Functional foods are conventional with bioactive compounds whereas nutraceuticals are isolated from food and contain those bioactive compounds (like omega-3 fatty acid pills).
What components of milk make it a functional food?
Conjugated linoleic acid, sphingomyelin/ceramide, butyric acid, calcium-high bioavailability, bioactive peptides, oligosaccharides, and lactoferrin
What are functional properties of conjugated linoleic acid?
poten anticarcinogen
What are functional properties of sphingomyelin/ceramide?
potent anticarcinogen, improves cell membrane functionality, used to treat psoriasis
What are functional properties of butyric acid?
anti-microbial
What are functional properties of calcium?
prevent osteoporosis
What are functional properties of bioactive peptides?
antioxidants and antihypertension
What are functional properties of olgiosaccharides?
Act as prebiotics
What are functional properties of lactoferrin?
Antimicrobial
What is the functional component of carrots?
Bioactive beta-carotene
What are 3 ways to classify functional foods?
• Basic Foods • Processed Food with Additives • Foods enhanced to have more of a functional component
What are basic foods?
Food with a natural level of functional properties.
What are processed foods with additives?
Normal foods with added ingredients to be more healthful.
What are foods enhanced to have a more functional component?
Foods that are genetically engineered or bred to contain a higher functional component.
What categories are there of bioactive components?
• Bioactive carbohydrates • Bioactive lipids • Bioactive peptides • Bioactive polyphenols • Bioactive carotenoids
What are examples of bioactive carbohydrates?
soluble and insoluble fibre, resistant starch, and prebiotics
What are examples of bioactive lipids?
short chain fatty acids, omega-3 PUFA, and CLAs