Physics 2024

the basic unit of matter and the smallest particle that retains its characteristics in a chemical reaction

the imbalance of charges between two locations (also known as ‘static electricity’)

a material that has free electrons and allows electrons to flow through it

the flow of charges from one location to another, measured in amperes (A) 1 amp = 6, 250, 000, 000, 000, 000, 000 electrons per sec

the size of the charge of a single electron or proton

the opposition to electron flow provided by a material, measured in ohms (Ω) 1 ohm = 1 volt/1 amp

the energy (per unit charge) provided to a circuit by a power source, measured in volts (V)

the ability to do work, measured in joules (J)

an electron that is not tightly held by its nucleus

a material that does not have free electrons and typically does not allow charge to flow through it

any part of an electrical circuit that transforms electrical potential energy into another kind of energy

an object that resists the flow of electrons

a particle that has a positive or negative charge; an atom (or molecule) that is not electrically neutral.

the energy (per unit charge*) transformed by a load, measured in volts (V) *joules per electron that travels through a certain point

the amount of energy that is transformed by a load every second, measured in watts (W) 1 Watt = 1 joule/1 second

electric, gravitational, chemical, elastic, nuclear

thermal, light, sound, kinetic

kinetic energy, elastic potential energy, nuclear potential energy, sound energy, gravitational potential energy, electrical potential energy, light energy, chemical potential energy, thermal energy

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed; only transformed or transferred.

opposites attract, likes repel. Objects that are oppositely charged will feel an attractive force towards one another, but objects that are similarly charged will feel a repulsive force away from each other.

as the emf increases across an object, the current thorugh the object increases.

brought near an oppositely charged object, contact with the ground, sat in the air

as the resistance of an object increases, the current through the object decreases. (if the voltage is constant)

material, length, thickness, temperature