Demographics

of persons aged below 15 + # of persons aged above 65 / # of persons aged 15-65 x 100

The amount of time a given population will double in size

The average amount of children a woman will have within her reproductive lifetime A woman who starts having children at 15 is likely to have more children than a woman who begins at age 55. The ability for the amount of children a woman has to replace the parents within the population.

The number of people dying per 1000 within a population

Lifespan is the average amount of additional years a person is expected to live Life expectancy is the number of years an individual is expected to live

(Birth-Death)+- Net migration/ Total Population x 100 Birth rate -death rate/10

Number of births/ number of women aged 15-49x 1000 Number of births to women in a particular age group/ Number of women in that particular age group x 1000

number of immigration- number of emigrants-/ total population x 1000

Improving Urban sanitation and waste removal Improving the quality of water supply and the access to it Forming public health boards to detect illness and quarantine the sick Researching causes and means of transmission of infectious disease Developing vaccines and antibiotics Adopting workplace safety laws and limits on child labor Promoting nutrition through steps such as fortifying milk bread and cereal with vitamins