Regulation of Blood Glucose

• Movement • Reproduction • Synthesising molecules • Active transport

Stored as glycogen

• Liver • Pancreas • Adrenal Glands

Reduces the amount of glucose in the blood, it does this by promoting the uptake of glucose in liver and muscle cells

Works to increase glucose levels, promotes the breakdown of glycogen to glucose

Long chains of glucose, these are stored in the liver and muscle cells and can be released as glucose in the blood

• Pancreas (insulin and glucagon) - Adrenal glands (cortex - cortisol)

The liver stores glucose as glycogen to convert glucose and release glucose from the conversion of glycogen to glucose

The Hepatic Portal Vein brings blood (containing glucose) to the liver and comes from the stomach, spleen, pancreas and intestines

It is either removed from the blood to; • be used for the liver function or to be converted into glycogen in the liver • can continue to travel in the blood and either be used by body cells, converted into glycogen in the muscle cells, converted to fat for long term storage or to maintain blood glucose levels

Promotes the conversion of glucose to glycogen

Promotes the conversion of glycogen to glucose

Promotes new sugar molecules by converting amino acids and fatty acids to glucose

Promotes conversion of glucose to fat

• Cells in the pancreas are the islets of langerhans • There are two types of cells these are alpha and beta cells • Alpha cells secrete glucagon and beta cells secrete insulin

• They are located above the kidneys, composed of cortex and medulla • They regulate low blood sugar level • Adrenal Medulla secretes adrenalin and noradrenalin - - - The Adrenal Cortex secretes corticosteroids and glucocorticoids (cortisol)