periodic trends

ionic

bond bw non metal-non metal

bond bw metal and metal

• high mp • good conuctor of heat • good conductor of electricity • high density • malleable • ductile • lustrous malleable- can be turned into shapes or sheets ductile- into wires

• low mp • poor conductor of heat • poor conductor of electricity • low density • brittle • dull

• tends to loose e- • low ionisation energy (IE) • low electronegativity(EN) • good reducing agent • forms basic oxides in presence of oxygen • reacts with water ie: energy req to make an atom loose it’s e- en: ability of an atom to attract an e-

• tends to gain e- • high ionisation energy • good oxidising agent • forms acidic oxide in presence of oxygen • do not react with water

• H* • Li • Na • K • Rb • Cs • Fr

• least en group • forms +1 cations • react with water to form hydroxides + H2 • reacts with oxygen to form basic oxide

FALSE , generally metals have high density but exception: ALKALI METALS and ALKALI EARTH METALS

en increases going up LI > K

increases going down ie K > Li higly reactive

• Be • Mg • Ca • Sr • Ba • Ra

• forms cation with charge 2+ • react with h2o to form moh + h2 • reacts w oxygen to form basic oxides • low en • low density

increase going up mg > ca

increases going down ie Ra > Mg

NO

sc ti v cr mn fe co ni cu

• forms coloured ions • incomplete d subshell • often acts as catalysts • multiple possible ionic charge eg Fe2+, Fe3+ Mn7+ Mn4+

F Cl Br I At Ts

increases going up ie F >cl opp to metals

• higher EN • forms anions -1 charge • engaged in displacement reaction

increase going up F > Cl

He Ne Ar Kr Xe Rn Og