module 4: nomenclature and isomerism
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
卡片预览 (24 张)
what are aliphatic hydrocarbons
a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings
what are alicyclic hydrocarbons
saturated carbon chains that form non-aromatic ring structures, with or without side chains
define empirical formula
the simplest ratio of each element in a compound
define molecular formula
the formula that shows the actual number of atoms of each element present in each molecule don’t make it fancy just bung each element together
define structural formula
it shows the number and types of atoms in a molecule and how they’re bonded together e.g. CH3-CH2-OH/CH3CH2OH
define homologous series
a family of compounds that can be represented by a general formula, they each differ by CH2 they have the same chemical properties but not physical
define functional group
the reactive part of the molecule that determines the molecule’s chemical properties
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
alkene -ene
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
nitrile - nitrile
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
alcohol -ol
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
aldehyde -al
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
carboxylic acid -oic acid
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
acid amide -amide
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
benzene -benzene
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
ketone -one
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
acid chloride -oyl chloride
what is the functional group and pre/suffix -F, -Cl, -Br, -I
haloalkane fluoro/chlorine/bromo/iodo-
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
ester -oate
what is the functional group and pre/suffix
acid anhydride - anhydride
what’s the functional group and pre/suffix NH2
amine - amine
what are structural isomers
compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulae
what are the types of structural isomers
chain isomers positional isomers functional group isomers
what is chain isomerism
when there’s more than 1 way of arranging the carbon skeleton
what is positional isomerism
where isomers have the same carbon skeleton and functional group BUT the functional group can be placed in different positions along the carbon chain
