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2 Basic Organic & Medicinal Chemistry

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Hydrocarbon

Back (Answer)

Alkane or Alkyl group (single bond) C-C-C Alkenes - unable to rotate Ø chiral (double bond) C=C Alkynes (triple bond) C≡C Aromatic or phenyl group Benzene ring C+H equal sharing d/t similar electronegativity Non-polar covalent No hydrogen bonding Longer chain ↑ Van der Waals ↑ attraction ↑ IMF Insoluble (hydrophobic/lipophilic)

#2
Front (Question)

Chemical Structure Naming

Back (Answer)

1 Meth- 2 Eth- 3 Prop- 4 But- 5 Pent- 6 Hex- 7 Hept- 8 Oct- 9 Non- 10 Dec-

#3
Front (Question)

Ether

Back (Answer)

R-O-R CH3-O-CH2-CH3 Slightly polar (dipole) Electronegativity O (3.44) C (2.55) Soluble

#4
Front (Question)

Aldehyde

Back (Answer)

(-al) O¯ ll R-C+-H Carbonyl group C=O Polar (dipole) Soluble

#5
Front (Question)

Ketone

Back (Answer)

(-one) O¯ ll R-C+-R Polar (dipole) Soluble

#6
Front (Question)

Ester

Back (Answer)

(-oate) O¯ ll R-C+-O¯-R+ Alcohol & carboxylic acid Polar (dipole) Soluble

#7
Front (Question)

Amine

Back (Answer)

(-ine) Nitrogen R-NH-R NH3 (Ammonia) NH4 (Ammonium) 1° 2° 3° Quaternary - permanent + charge (hydrophilic) Polar (hydrophilic/lipophobic) 1° & 2° hydrogen bonding N-H dipole Weak base - accepts H+ ion ↑ lipophilicity w/ each C attached to N 3° most lipophilic d/t unable to H+ bond

#8
Front (Question)

Alcohol/Phenol

Back (Answer)

(-ol) R-O¯-H+ OH > electronegativity than NH 1° 2° 3° Polar (dipole) Hydrogen bonding ↑ BP/MP Soluble Phenyl w/ -OH (hydroxyl group)

#9
Front (Question)

Carboxylic Acid

Back (Answer)

(-oic acid) O¯ ll R-C+-O¯H+ Carbonyl & alcohol Polar (dipole) Hydrogen bonding Soluble

#10
Front (Question)

Amide

Back (Answer)

O¯ ll R-C+-NH2 Carboxylic acid derivative Nitrogen replaces hydroxyl group Polar (dipole) Hydrogen bonding Soluble

#11
Front (Question)

Polarity/Solubility

Back (Answer)

Polar Most polar / highest BP / Most soluble ↑ BP/MP ↑ length ↓ solubility Impacted by pH (H+ ion concentration)

#12
Front (Question)

INTERmolecular Bonds

Back (Answer)

Hydrogen Van der Waals (London dispersion forces) Dipole-dipole

#13
Front (Question)

Hydrogen Bonding

Back (Answer)

INTERmolecular bond Between like molecules or H2O H+ bond w/ group 7 halogens → dipole Unequal sharing Form weaker bond w/ atom¯ Influences BP/MP and therefore solubility

#14
Front (Question)

Van der Waals

Back (Answer)

INTERmolecular bond aka London dispersion forces Momentary dipoles Not technically bonds Longer chain - VdW more likely to form ↑ BP/MP (more likely to be in solid state)

#15
Front (Question)

Dipole-dipole

Back (Answer)

INTERmolecular bond When e¯ spends majority time around one atom over the other δ¯ δ+

#16
Front (Question)

INTRAmolecular Bonds

Back (Answer)

Covalent - polar/non-polar Ionic

#17
Front (Question)

Ionic Bond

Back (Answer)

INTRAmolecular bond Complete valence e¯ transfer \+/- charge > 1.8 electronegativity difference NaCl (3.04-0.9=2.19)

#18
Front (Question)

Covalent Bond

Back (Answer)

INTRAmolecular bond Share e¯ between atoms (electronegativity) Polar/non-polar

#19
Front (Question)

Polar Covalent

Back (Answer)

Unequal e¯ sharing or dipole 0.4 - 1.8 electronegativity difference C-O (3.44-2.55=0.89)

#20
Front (Question)

Non-polar Covalent

Back (Answer)

Equal e¯ sharing < 0.4 electronegativity difference C-H (2.55-2.2=0.35)

#21
Front (Question)

Bond Strengths

Back (Answer)

Strongest = Covalent Ionic Hydrogen Hydrophobic Weakest = Van der Waals ↑ # bonds ↓ distance b/w atoms ↑ strength 3 > 2 > 1

#22
Front (Question)

Phase 1

Back (Answer)

OIL RIG Oxidation lose e¯ Reduction gain e¯ Hydrolysis (occurs in blood) Goal: ↑ polarity

#23
Front (Question)

Phase 2

Back (Answer)

Conjugate compound w/ another

#24
Front (Question)

Bonds

Back (Answer)

C = 4 N = 3 or 4 S = 2, 4, 6 O = 2