Unit 2
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The upward movement of ocean water toward the surface as a result of diverging currents.
Upwelling
large scale pattern of water circulation.
Gyre
what way do the northern hemisphere gyres move?
clockwise
what way do the southern hemisphere gyres move?
counterclockwise
what are ocean currents driven by?
combination of temperature, gravity, prevailing winds, coriolis effect, and location of continent
The deflection of an object’s path due to the rotation of earth
Coriolis effect
like warm air, what expands and rises?
warm water
What are the 5 major gyres?
Indian ocean gyre, North pacific gyre, South pacific gyre, North Atlantic Gyre and South Atlantic Gyre.
What does upwelling do?
brings nutrients from the ocean bottom that supports the large populations of producers.
An oceanic circulation pattern that drives the mixing of surface water and deep water.
Thermohaline circulation
Appears to be driven by surface waters that contain unusually large amounts of salt.
Thermohaline circulation
to pack tightly
density
why do we float better on the ocean than on a lake?
Salt water packs more molecules into a space than fresh water.
A layer of atmosphere closest, to the surface of earth, extending approximately 16km.
Troposphere
The layer of the atmosphere above the Troposphere, extending roughly 16 to 50km above the surface of earth. contains the ozone layer.
Stratosphere
The percentage, of incoming sunlight reflecting from a surface
Albedo
Which surface has the higher albedo snow or asphalt?
snow
The average weather that occurs in a given over a long period of time.
Climate
The short-term conditions of the atmosphere in a local area, which include temperature, humidity, precipitation, clouds, and cloud speed.
Weather
How is most of earth’s energy transferred?
Through wind and air currents.
What is the earths axis of rotation?
23.5 degrees
Which one is slightly closer to the sun: North pole or South pole?
North Pole
How does the earth’s axis affect the seasons?
Because the rotation is tilted 23.5 degrees, the latitude that receives the most direct rays of the sun and the most hours of daylight changes throughout the year, causing seasons.
What does arid mean?
dry