Topic 3 - Ionic Bonding
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How do you turn a metal atom into a metal ion and what does this cause?
You take away it’s outer-shell electrons, therefore it becomes positively charged
How do you turn a non-metal atom into a non-metal ion and what does this cause?
You fill up its outer shell with electrons, causing it to become negatively charged
Define reduction
The gaining of electrons (or loss of oxygen)
Define oxidation
The loss of electrons (or the gain of oxygen)
What is a redox reaction?
A reaction in which electrons are lost/gained
Explain why redox reactions can be discussed using electrons or oxygen
Because oxygen’s charge is 2-, so if an oxygen compound is formed, the substance that bonds with the oxygen will need to lose some electrons in order to fill up the outer shell of oxygen.
Define ionic bonding
The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
Explain why ionic substances have high melting points
• there are many very strong bonds • a lot of energy is needed to break them • ions with higher charges have higher melting points because the attraction between bonds is greater
Explain why ionic substances do not conduct electricity when solid, but do when molten
In order to conduct, a substance needs • charged particles • that a free to move The particles in ionic substances are charged, but are only free to move when in molten or gaseous forms