2nd line of defence

• Inflammation • Phagocytosis • Compliment System • Cytokines

• Infiltration of immune cells to the site of infection • Pathogen triggers release of histamine and further triggers vasodilation and increase blood flow to injury • Open Wound + Pathogen + Histamine = Infection

• Pain • Heat • Redness • Swelling • Loss

• Neutrophils • Monocytes

• Ions are pumped into phagosome to kill pathogen • Further destroys pathogen with digestive enzymes

• Express PRR that recognise PAMPs • MACROPHAGES • DENDRITIC CELLS

• Kills pathogen via phagocytosis

• Act as messengers for the rest of the immune system by antigen presentation

Compliment proteins binding to pathogen to cause - Increases inflammation - Causes opsonisation - Direct killing of pathogens

• Complement proteins tagging pathogens and increases the chance of phagocytosis

• Complement proteins aggregate and breaks cell membrane of pathogen