Chapter 9

the lowest temperature theoretically possible; the temperature at which all molecular motion ceases.

a device for measuring atmospheric pressure

the local value of atmospheric pressure.

the temperature at which a substance enters a phase transition from a liquid to a gas (or vapor), or vice versa.

a physical property that describes a substance’s tendency to shatter

a property that describes chemical reactions a substance will or will not engage in.

a chemical reaction in which a substance combines with oxygen to produce heat and flame.

a physical property that describes the ability of a substance to withstand crushing forces.

the destructive oxidation of metal.

the ratio of mass for a substance; the physical property that describes the amount of mass in a given volume.

a physical property, typical of many metals, that indicates that a substance can be drawn into a wire by pulling the substance through a die (a metal block with a hole in it).

a physical property that describes a substances ability to stretch without breaking or becoming permanently deformed.

a physical property that describes the ability of a substance to conduct electricity. metals typically have a high electrical conductivity.

when a substance undergoes the phase transition from a liquid to a vapor without first being heated to boiling point.

a physical property that describes a substance’s ability to burn. combustable.

a physical property that describes a substance’s ability to resist scratching.

the energy required to melt a solid substance while keeping its temperature the same.

the energy required to vaporize (boil) a liquid substance while keeping its temperature the same.

a property of solids and liquids, since they typically do not change in volume when under pressure (at least not much).

flammable.

shininess; a physical property.

a physical property that indicates a substance’s ability to be hammered into thin sheets; typical of many metals.

the temperature at which a substance undergoes the phase transition from a solid to a liquid or vice versa.

when an atom loses electrons to become a positively charged ion.