Organic chemistry-basic concepts

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

what are organic chemicals?

Back (Answer)

covalent molecules based on the element carbon

Front (Question)

what is a functional group?

Back (Answer)

a part of a molecule which determines the way it reacts.

Front (Question)

what is a homologous series?

Back (Answer)

a series of organic molecules which have the same functional group but each successive member has an additional -CH2

Front (Question)

how is a hydrocarbon classified as unsaturated?

Back (Answer)

if the hydrocarbon has a double bond or a triple bond.

Front (Question)

relate the first 10 prefixes according to the number of carbon atoms in the main chain in order.

Back (Answer)

meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-, hept-, oct-, non-, dec-

Front (Question)

what is the functional group for an alkene?

Back (Answer)

contains at least one carbon double bond

Front (Question)

what is the functional group for an alkyne?

Back (Answer)

contains at least one carbon triple bond

Front (Question)

order the first 10 alkyl group prefixes

Back (Answer)

methyl, ethyl, proply, butly, pently, hexly, heptly, octly, nonly, decly

Front (Question)

what is the functional group for an alcohol and what is the prefix?

Back (Answer)

-OH, hydroxyl

#10

Front (Question)

what is the functional group for a haloalkane and what is the prefix?

Back (Answer)

-Cl (chloro), -Br (Bromo), -I (iodo)

#11

Front (Question)

what is the functional group for aldehyde and what is the suffix?

Back (Answer)

-CHO(double bond between C and O), -al is the suffix

#12

Front (Question)

what is the functional group for ketone and what is the suffix?

Back (Answer)

-C(CO)C- (double bond between C and O) and -one is the suffix

#13

Front (Question)

what is the functional group for a carboxylic acid and what is the suffix?

Back (Answer)

-COOH (double bond between C and O) and the suffix is -oic acid

#14

Front (Question)

what is molecular formula?

Back (Answer)

a formula of a compound which tells us the actual number of atoms of the elements in that compound.

#15

Front (Question)

what is the empirical formula?

Back (Answer)

a formula where there is the simplest whole number ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound.

#16

Front (Question)

describe the displayed formula?what is a disadvantage?

Back (Answer)

shows the relative position of each atom. Disadvantage: doesn’t show accurate bond angles.

#17

Front (Question)

describe the structural formula?

Back (Answer)

shows how atoms are arranged but doesn’t show us the bonds

#18

Front (Question)

describe the skeletal formula?

Back (Answer)

only covalent bonds between the atoms, bonds to any functional groups and the atoms of the functional group is shown. Carbon and hydrogen atoms aren’t shown

#19

Front (Question)

how is a double bond shown in a skeletal formula?

Back (Answer)

double lines

#20

Front (Question)

what is a general formula?

Back (Answer)

the simplest algebraic formula for a member of a homologous series.

#21

Front (Question)

what is the general formula for alkanes?

Back (Answer)

CnH2n+2

#22

Front (Question)

what is the general formula for alkenes?

Back (Answer)

CnH2n

#23

Front (Question)

what is a structural isomer?

Back (Answer)

molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

#24

Front (Question)

what are stereoisomers?

Back (Answer)

molecules with the same structural formula but the atoms are arranged differently in space.