Principles of Pharmacology 2
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
EC50
the concentration of a drug or compound that is required to produce a half-maximal effect on a biological system.
when the EC50 of a drug is low, then the affinity is………….. when the EC50 of a drug is high, then the affinity is………….
high low
at what concentration does a drug with a high affinity need to be used to produce optimal effect
low concentrations
at what concentration does a drug with a low affinity need to be used to produce an optimal effect
high concentration
potency
relates to how big a dose you need to give to gain a particular effect in an intact animal
what dose is required when a drug is high in potency
a low dose
if the potency of a drug is low, then what dose of it is required to produce a response
a high dose
what does it mean if a drug has a high potency?
it means that the drug is effective at producing a specific biological or pharmacological effect at a relatively low dose or concentration
what was the original conception(thought) of the drug-receptor interaction
that the drug combines with the specific receptor to produce a drug-receptor complex. This DR complex gives a certain amount of response to the tissue, therefore when all receptors are occupied the maximum response is reached
intrinsic activity
It is a critical concept in pharmacology and drug development and is often used to categorize drugs or compounds based on their ability to elicit a response at a given receptor.
types of agonists
full agonist partial agonist
full agonist partial agonist
an agonist that produces the full or maximum response an agonist that produces a partial response
100% receptor occupancy means 100% effect, true or false
FALSE
drug efficacy
refers to the ability of a drug to produce a desired therapeutic effect or beneficial outcome when administered under specific conditions.
what do efficacy and intrinsic activity have in common
they both give an idea of the overall maximum effect of the agonist
when can partial and full agonist log concentration curves be useful?
They aid in understanding and optimizing the effects of drugs, evaluating their therapeutic potential, and ensuring patient safety
what does the choice between using a partial or full agonist depend on
the specific clinical scenario, desired therapeutic effects, and potential risks and side effects.
the formula for calculating intrinsic activity
maximal response to test agonist/ maximal response to full agonist
intrinsic activity ranges between?
0-1
inverse agonists
a pharmacological compound that binds to the same receptor as an agonist (a molecule that activates the receptor) but produces the opposite effect
differences between inverse agonists and antagonists
Antagonists bind to receptors but do not have intrinsic activity; they block the binding of agonists without affecting basal receptor activity. In contrast, inverse agonists actively reduce the basal activity of the receptor.
antagonists
they are pharmacological compounds that bind to specific receptors or molecules in the body and block or inhibit their activation by agonists
what are the types of antagonists?
chemical physiological pharmacological
chemical antagonists
substances or compounds that act as antagonists by directly interfering with the function of a target molecule, typically without binding to a receptor.