Bio- Health Issues + Cancer
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What is Health?
Health is a state of physical and mental wellbeing.
What is Disease?
Disease is any condition that interferes with the proper functioning of the body or mind.
What is the difference between Communicable and Non- communicable diseases?
Communicable diseases can be transmitted from one organism to another while Non-communicable diseases can’t.
How are communicable diseases caused and give some examples:
Communicable diseases are caused by infectious agents like bacteria, viruses or parasites + are spread through various means like air, water and direct contact. Eg: Measles, Malaria and Covid
How are Non- communicable diseases caused and give some examples?
Non-communicable diseases are not contagious and are often linked to genetic factors, lifestyle choices (eg, smoking, unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity), and environmental factors. Eg- Heart disease, diabetes and Cancer
Which type of disease is responsible for 60% of deaths worldwide?
Communicable diseases
List 6 Non-communicable diseases?
-Cancer -Cardiovascular disease -Diabetes -Chronic Respiratory Disease -Arthritis -Allergies
What is Cancer?
-Cancer is rapid and uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells
What is Cardiovascular disease?
Cardiovascular diseases are any condition that weakens the Heart and blood vessels + makes them less functional
What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is the inability to control blood sugar levels
What is Chronic Respiratory Diseases?
Chronic Respiratory Diseases are diseases that affect the lungs. Eg- Asthma + COPD
What is Arthritis?
Arthritis is the disease of the joints marked by painful swelling and stiffness.
What are Allergies?
Allergies are extreme sensitivity to a substance - Eg, Asthma, ezcema -Some are caused by vunerability from inherited genes or poor lifestyle
What is a Risk Factor?
A Risk Factor is something that increases your chances of getting a disease
What is Incidence?
Incidence refers to the number of people diagnosed with a particular disease in a particular population at a particular time. eg: Incidence of Celiac Disease in active military personnel in United States was 6.5 in 100,000 in 2008.
What is Prevalence?
Prevalence is the number of people who have a particular condition, regardless of whether they were just diagnosed, or even whether they’ve been diagnosed at all.
What is Mortality?
Mortality is the number of deaths per unit of population from a specific disease.
What is Scientific risk?
Scientific risk describes the probability that a particular event will happen.
What is probability?
Probability is a mathematical chance of an event occuring.
What is Correlation?
Correlation is a link or an association between two factors.
What is Causal mechanism?
Causal mechanism explains how one factor affects another, using biological reasoning.
Correlation does NOT mean…
Cause
Why does Cancer occur?
Cancer occurs because of a breakdown in the cellular control mechanism that puts the brakes on cell division.
What is a tumour?
A tumour is a swelling that can occur almost anywhere in the body, as long as there is blood supply + the precense of live cells. A tumour forms when there is uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells- a mass that divides continously.