expt 1&2 post lab discussion
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what is solubility
it is the amount of solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent
the solubility of a compound depends on the strength of the…
interactions between the compound and the solvent
what compounds are most soluble in water
ionic
what kind of compounds that can form a hydrogen bond with water
water soluble compounds
water solubility for neutral molecules occurs only with
small polar molecules or those with many O or N atoms that can hydrogen bond to water
what compounds are soluble in nonpolar solvents
nonpolar compounds
water soluble compounds can form hydrogen bonds with…
water
an increase in molecular weight leads to an
increase in intermolecular forces in a solid thus decreasing solubility
which is more soluble: corresponding straight chain compound or compounds having a branched chain
compounds having a branched chain
branching reduces the size or volume allowing the solvent to…
dissolve easily
a compound’s solubility can be used as …
a preliminary test
a compound’s solubility can be used as a preliminary test for…
determining the identity of an organic compound
common solvents used in solubility tests
distilled water 5 percent NaOH 5 percent NaHCO3 5 percent HCI cold concentrated H2SO4 diethyl ether
what are saturated hydrocarbons
carbon - carbon single bond
what are unsaturated hydrocarbons
carbon-carbon doublebonds
what are the 2 unsaturated hydrocarbons
alkynes alkenes
samples used in the experiment to find the reactions of hydrocarbons and alkyl halides
hexane cyclohexane toluene tert-butyl chloride
what color is the bromine water
orange-red or red-brown
what test must be done under the fume
bromine test
why do we have to test bromine test under the fume hood
toxic and corrosive harmful if inhaled causer respiratory tract irritation and possible hurts may cause digestive tracts irritation (with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea)
bromine test, test for
unsaturated hydrocarbons
what is the positive result of bromine test
disappearance of orange-red color in solution and decolorized bromine water
baeyer’s test oxidation reaction test for
unsaturated hydrocarbons
positive results of baeyer’s test oxidation reaction test
disappearance of purple color in solution and formation of brown precipitate