Topic 3
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what are the macro nutrients? (3)
Fats (lipids), Protein, Carbs
what are the micro Nutrients? (2)
Minerals, Vitamins
Function of carbs?
main source of energy
function of fats (lipids)? (5)
secondary fuel source, hormones, protection, insulation (keeps warm), Cell membrane
function of protein? (4)
grow and repair, structure, transport
function of vitamins and minerals? (3)
immunity, grow, bone health
what is a saturated fat? (every carbon has two hydrogens)
no double bonded carbons
what is an unsaturated fat? (double)
double bonded carbons
chemical formula for glucose? (1:2:1) ratio
6carbon, 12 hydrogen, 6oxygen
what is a condensation reaction? (releases water)
monosaccharide to disaccharide or polysaccharide
structure of a triglyceride?
one glycerol heard, three fatty acid tails
Structure for Protein? (4 elements) (1:1:1:1) ratio
hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
essential amino acids? (essential to eat)
only get it from food
non-esstential amino acid
get it from the body
recommendations for a healthy balanced diet?
Carbs - 65% Protein - 35% Fats - 25%
what is metabolism?
all chemical reactions that happen in the body
two different types of metabolism? (2)
catabolic anabolic
what is an anabolic reaction?
building up (use energy)
what is catabolic reaction?
breaking apart (releases energy)
what is glycogen?
stored glucose
where is glycogen stored? (2)
liver, skeletal muscle
where are triglycerides stored? (2)
adipose tissue skeletal muscle
what is glycogenolysis? (breaking apart)
breaking apart glycogen
Lysis?
breaking apart