Unit 1 - Topic 3 - Atoms and Bonding
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What are rows called in the periodic table?
Periods
What are columns called in the periodic table?
Groups
How many different groups does the periodic table consist of?
8 different groups and the transition metals.
What is group 1 called?
The Alkali Metals
What is group 2 called?
The Alkali Earth Metals
What is group 7 called?
The Halogens
What is group 8/0 called?
Noble Gases
What is the middle part of the periodic table called?
The transition metals.
What do the periods relate to?
To the filling up of the energy levels with electrons.
How many energy levels are there in an atom?
7
Where are protons located?
Nucleus
Where are neutrons located?
Nucleus
Where are electrons located?
Outside the nucleus in shells/orbitals
What is the mass in amu of a proton?
1
What is the mass in amu of a neutron?
1
What is the mass in amu of an electron?
Almost 0
Why do electrons have difficulty escaping the atom?
Because they are attracted to the positively charged protons. (Opposites attract)
Why do all atoms have a neutral charge?
Because they contain equal numbers of positive protons and negative electrons, and these opposite charges cancel each other out making the atom neutral.
How can you find out the number of protons in a element?
The atomic number
How can you find out the number of neutrons in a element?
Mass Number - Atomic Number
How can you find out the number of electrons in a element?
The atomic number
What is the method of showing the atomic and mass number called?
Nuclide Notation
How many electrons does the first shell require?
2
How many electrons does the second shell require?
8