11.2 Nomenclature Of Organic Compounds

Carbon atoms are joined to each other in unbranched or branched chains, or non aromatic rings

Carbon atoms are joined together in ring (cyclic) structures, with or without branches Also comes under aliphatic hydrocarbons

Some or all of the carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring

Homologous series of aliphatic hydrocarbons with single Carbon to carbon bonds

Homologous series of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing at least one double carbon to carbon bond

Homologous series of aliphatic hydrocarbons with at least one triple carbon to carbon bond

Stem - indicates number of Carbon chains in the longest continuous chain Prefix - can be added before stem, to show side chains or functional groups Suffix - added after the stem to show functional groups

It has a hydrogen atom removed from an alkane parent chain

C=C -ene

• OH - ol

• CHO - al

• C(CO)C - one

• COOH - oic acid

• COOC - oate

• COCl - oyl chloride

• NH2 - amine

• CN - nitrile