8 The Universe and Orbits
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Put the following in order from largest to smallest: Galaxy, Universe, Moon, Planet, Star, Solar System
Universe, Galaxy, Solar System, Star, Planet, Moon
What is the universe a collection of?
billions of galaxies
What is a galaxy a collection of?
billions of stars
Where is our solar system?
In the Milky Way galaxy
Why is gravitational field strength, g, different on different planets?
Gravitational field strength depends on the mass of the planet so more massive planets have stronger gravitational fields
What is gravitational field strength, g, measured in?
Newtons/Kg N/Kg
How does the gravitational field strength of an object change as you get further away?
The further away you are the weaker the force gravity
What 2 types of objects orbit planets?
Moons and artificial satellites
What do comets orbit?
Stars (the sun)
What is the shape of a comets orbit?
An ellipse
Where does the comet have the greatest kinetic energy?
At its closest point to the star
What direction does a star’s gravity pull on a comet?
Always towards the star
Where in a comets orbit is the force of gravity from the star strongest?
How does the radius of an orbit relate to the speed the object is moving?
The smaller the radius of the orbit the faster the object is moving
What is orbital speed?
The speed of something that is orbiting
What is orbital period?
The time taken for a complete orbit / circle.
What is orbital radius?
The distance from the center of the planet or star being orbited to the object that is orbitting.
