Chemistry: Chemical Reactions
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Describe the effect of concentration, particle size, catalysis and temperature on the rate of reaction.
Concentration - Increase generally increases rate of reaction as there are more reactants to form products. Particle Size - Reaction rate is linearly dependent on particle size. Smaller reactant particles provide a greater surface area which increases the chances for particle collisions so the reaction rate increases. Catalysis - Catalyst provides alternate route for reaction. Alternate route has lower activation energy, thus increase. Temperature - Positive correlation. More activation energy.
Describe a practical method for investigating the rate of a reaction involving gas evolution.
Remove impurities from magnesium strip using sandpaper. Pour excess hydrochloric acid into conical flask Add magnesium strip into flask Quickly put on stopper and gas syringe Measure how much the syringe moves back every 30 seconds. This will show the speed of the reaction.
Interpret data obtained from experiments concerned with rate of reaction.
Both experiments will produce the same amount of product as the amount of reactants put in are the same. However, the experiment that is faster will have reached the maximum amount quicker. Calculate the average rate of reaction for each experiment and compare.
Describe and explain the effects of temperature and concentration in terms of collisions between reacting particles (the concept of activation energy will not be examined).
Temperature has a positive correlation with reaction speed. Concentration, too, has a positive correlation.
Define catalyst as an agent which increases rate of reaction but which remains unchanged.
Catalyst is an agent which increases rate of reaction, but itself remains unchanged.
Define oxidation and reduction in terms of oxygen loss / gain, and identify such reactions from given information.
Oxygen is :)