Biological Diversity - Section 2

Passed down from generation to generation Examples: eye colour, hair type, skin colour

Differences in characteristics that have defined form Examples: either have blue eyes or not

Differences in characteristics that have a range in form Example: height

Not heritable

Involves only one parent. All the resulting offspring are genetically identical to the parent

Binary fission Budding Spore production Vegetable reproduction or propagation Regeneration

A cell splits exactly in half producing two identical individuals. This is how many one-celled organisms reproduce

The parent produces a small bud, or a smaller version of itself. The bud eventually pinched itself off the parent.

Spores are similar to seeds, but are produced by the division of cells of the parent

The reproduction of a plant that does not involve the formation of a seed. Some plants will grow “runners”, others from tubers and bulbs, and many have roots that will form suckers

The process of an organism either regrowing a missing appendage, or growing a whole new organism from its own separated body parts

Usually involves two parent organisms. This reproduction occurs in both animals and flowering plants, and results in offspring that are a unique genetic combination of characteristics from both parents

Specialized cells involved in the process of sexual reproduction

The cell created by the joining of two gametes The first cell of a new individual

When the zygote divides into two cells

Continued division of the zygote forms a multicellular life formed called an embryo

Requires the joining of a male and female hamate to produce a zygote and an embryo Most plants produce both male and female gametes

Pollen contains the male gametes of a plant. Pollen is found in the stamen, or male part of the plant

Ovules contain the female gametes of a plant Ovules are found in the pistil or female part of the plant

Occurs when pollen is transferred from the anther of the stamen to the stigma of the pistil

Occurs when the male or female gametes unite

Occurs when the pollen of one plant is carried to the stigma of another by wind, water or animals.

Occurs when a grain of pollen produces a long tube that eventually grows down the style into the ovary that contains the ovules.

Can produce lots of individuals very quickly