Week 3 Day 1 O Chem

carbon - carbon single bonds carbon - hydrogen bonds

C6H14 6 carbons

add the suffix “oic acid” to the parent name

halogenated

C2H5 *not stable, missing a bond*

Alkyl In place of the missing H, alkyls will bond to something else Name by replacing “ane” with “yl”

diethyl ether methyl propyl ether

C4H10 4 carbons

Methyl group *not stable, missing a bond*

N has 5 valence electrons and wants 3 more to complete its valence shell. However, in ammonia and very many amines, N can form 4 covalent bonds and it acquires a “+” charge This can be pH dependent, the higher the pH (basic, less H+ floating around, the more ammonia, NH3.) The lower the pH (acidic, more H+ floating around, the more ammonium, NH4+)

C3H6

Amine

there is a “right handed” form of the molecule that is different from the “left handed” form. the rotated molecule cannot be superimposed on its mirror image

contain at least 1 carbon-carbon triple bond as well as carbon-hydrogen bonds Named by adding “yne”

C5H12 5 carbons

nitrogenous heteroaromatic forms the basis of A, and G (adenine, and guanine)

Enantiomers

C2H2 ethyne, acetylene

CH4 1 carbon natural gas

alcohol (functional group based on water) To name, name the larger back bone, identify the location of the OH (hydroxyl) and add “ol”.

• name the longest alkane - this is the parent chain • name all substituent alkyl groups in alphabetical order • use multipliers to indicate number of identical substituents • number the parent chain from the end, giving the lowest possible numbers for substituents • number the substituents. Numbers are separated from numbers with “,”, and from letters with “-“.

The isopropyl group is an isomer of the propyl group A propyl group connects to another group of atoms at the first carbon in the 3 carbon chain An isopropyl group is attached to another atom at the center of the propyl group

named with suffix “-one” i.e. propanone (acetone)

A carbon double bonded to an oxygen