Topic 7 Essential Questions and Skills 1-7
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What is the order of the atmospheric layers?
Thermosphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, Troposphere
The Thermosphere…
Absorbs UV
The Mesosphere…
Absorbs UV and Infared
The Stratosphere…
Contains the Ozone, and absorbs UV and Infared
The Troposphere
Absorbs a small amount of UV and Infrared
In which layers does the temperature drop?
Troposphere, Mesosphere
In which layers does the temperature rise?
Stratosphere, Thermosphere
Which layer does weather occur in?
Troposphere
Which later contains the Ozone?
Stratosphere
Which layer is the hottest?
Thermosphere
Which layer can you see a shooting star?
Mesosphere
What percentages of energy are reflected, absorbed, and scattered after making it through the Troposphere?
25%=Reflected by clouds 20%=Scattered by particles 5%=Reflected by Earth 50%=Absorbed by land and water and turned into heat
Earths surface absorbs and re-emits equal amounts of energy SO…
The energy is balanced over time
What is the Greenhouse Effect?
Gases in the atmosphere trap heat around Earth. Some is trapped and some escapes. Changes to gas percentages change the amount of trapped heat, enhancing the greenhouse effect. Life needs a narrow range of temperature to survive.
What is the difference between temperature and thermal energy?
Temp: AVERAGE amount of “energy of motion” of each particle of a substance. TE: TOTAL energy of the motion in the particles of a substance - “speed/mass” Think TOTAL vs. AVERAGE. Dollar bill analogy on your notes as well!
What are the 3 methods of heat transfer?
Conduction, Convection, and Radiation
Conduction?
Heat between 2 substances in DIRECT CONTACT!! Ex: butter melting in a pan, burning your feet on hot sand, AND the bottom of the troposphere is heated by conduction
Convection?
The transfer of heat by movement of fluid, which could be gas or liquid. Ex: bubbles rising in boiling water, hot air balloon, convection oven, steam rising from a glass of water
Radiation?
The transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves. Ex: microwave, toasting a marshmallow above an open flame
How does heat transfer happen at Earths surface?
• Radiation- from the sun • Earth absorbs the E and changes it into TE • Conduction- at first few cm, hotter particles move faster and are less dense • Convection- particles move because of their desities