C3 - Structure and Bonding
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Alloys
Different sized atoms disrupt the uniform layers of positive metal ions
Metallic bonding
• Giant lattice of positive ions • Delocalised electrons free to move throughought the lattice (called a sea of electrons) • Strong electrostatic forces of attraction means high MP/BP • Laters can slide over eachother - they can be hammered, bent and strung into wires
What are fullerenes and what are they used for
• Rings of 5/6/7 carbons in a sphere • High tensile strength - reinforce composites • Conduct electricity and heat Used for: • Drug delivery • Lubricants • Catalysts (high SA:Vol)
5 things Graphene
• Single layer of graphite - 1 atom thick • Excellent conductor of both electricity and heat • Most reactive form of carbon • Very low density • Very strong for its mass
5 things Giant covalent properties
• High MP/BP • Insoluble • Hard • Don’t conduct (except graphite) • Giant lattice
Graphite
• Carbon bonded to 3 other carbons • Spare electrons means it can conduct electricity • Hexagons in giant layers can slide over eachother • Weak IMF between Layers • Thermal conductor
5 things Nanoparticles
• Less than 0.1 micrometres • Extremely high SA:Vol - used as catalysts • Dangerous • Very reactive • Silver nanoparticles prevent infection