U2KA2
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What is puberty?
a series of changes in a person’s body that prepare them for sexual reproduction and adulthood.
What happens at the star of puberty in females?
a releaser hormone from the hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland to release follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH)
What does FSH stand for?
follicle stimulating hormone
What does FSH do in females?
it starts the production of mature ova in the ovaries and building of the endometrium
What does LH stand for?
luteinising hormone
What does LH do?
it triggers secondary sexual characteristics
What are examples of secondary sexual characteristics in females?
breast development, pubic hair, widening of hips and increased muscle mass
What happens at the start of puberty in males?
a releaser hormone is from the hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland to released follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
What does FSH in males do?
starts sperm production
What does ICSH stand for?
interstitial cell stimulating hormone
What does ICSH do?
it triggers the interstitial cells to released testosterone which triggers secondary sexual characteristics.
What are examples of secondary sexual characteristics in males?
broadening of the shoulders, increased muscle mass, public hair and voice deepening.
How does the FSH travel?
released from the pituitary gland in the brain —> travels in the blood to the testes —> binds to receptors on the seminiferous tubules
How does ICSH travel?
released from pituitary gland in the brain —-> travels in the blood to the testes —-> binds to receptors in interstitial cells
Where is testosterone released from?
interstitial cells
What are the 2 main functions of testosterone?
stimulate sperm production and active the prostate gland and seminal vesicles.
What is negative feedback control in males?
if levels of T too high, it will inhibit production of FSH and ICSH in the pituitary gland which prevents more production of sperm and T, allowing the levels of T to drop.
How many hormones regulate the production of mature ova and the building of the endometrium?
four
What are the 4 hormones involved in the menstrual cycle?
FSH, LH, progesterone and oestrogen
How does FSH travel?
released by pituitary gland in the brain —> travels in blood to ovaries —-> binds to receptors on ovaries and stimulates production of follicle
What does the follicle produce?
oestrogen
How does oestrogen travel?
travels in blood to uterus —> oestrogen stimulates the building of the endometrium
What does oestrogen also affect apart from the stimulation of building the endometrium?
cervical mucus
What does cervical mucus do in the uterus?
thinning cervical mucus allows sperm through more easily