1.4.4 Flowering Plants
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Name four things that are different between angiosperms and gymnosperms
Place a carpel around the seed True flowers (petals, sepals, anther, pistil) Tree wood is way tougher Double fertilization process
Brief origin of angiosperms
explode on fossil record 120 million years ago
What are three groups that plants create coevolution with?
Pollinators, herbivores, and seed dispersers
What are three things that plants will use to attract pollinators?
• food or nectar reward • UV colouration that guides the insect in • Scent for night pollinators
What group of pigments are used for UV light guiding on flowers?
flavonoids, and more specifically, anthocyanins
Define plant - herbivore coevolution
The plants and herbivores co-evolve to try to beat the other guy.
Define Seed disperser co-evolution
Seed covered in fruit, eaten by bird, pooped somewhere else
What are generalist dispersers
Random birds that hop from plant to plant distributing and eating seeds. Not attached to a single species of fruit
What are specialist dispersers.
a specific bird species that relies upon a specific fruit tree for nourishment
What are three differences between primitive flowers and advanced flowers?
Primitive: beetle pollinated Advanced: bee or buterfly Primitive: superior ovary Advanced: inferior ovary Primitive: symmetric Advanced: assymetric
Examples of monocots
grass, cattails, palms
Examples of dicots
maple, daisy
Difference between monocots and dicots with regards to veins:
M: parallel D: network
Difference between monocots and dicots with regards to abundance
M: less abundant
Difference between monocots and dicots with regards to leaf structure
M: linear leaf D: rounded leaf
Difference between monocots and dicots with regards to growth
M: no radial growth D: radial growth
Difference between monocots and dicots with regards to flower parts
M: flower parts 6n and 3n D: flower parts visible