Practice Exam 2
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What represents the correct sequence of heart structures through which blood passes when flowing from the superior and inferior vena cava to the lungs?
• Right Atrium • Tricuspid Valve • Right Ventricle • Pulmonary Semi Lunar Valve • Pulmonary trunk
What do Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus stimulate?
Thirst
If a person becomes over hydrated…
Production of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP hormone) will increase
Hypercapnia is..
High levels of carbon dioxide in the blood
What can occur if the patient has low levels of albumin in the blood?
The person could develop oedema
What is the hormone that increases water reabsorption through aquaporin channels In the collecting ducts of the kidney?
Antidiuretic hormone
In a nephron, substances that are usually completely reabsorbed from the renal tubule into the blood are…
Glucose and amino acids
When a person has respiratory alkalosis, the kidneys…
Reabsorb more H+
What type of epithelial tissue is the trachea lined with?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
The amount of air that moves in/out of the lungs with each respiratory cycle is called..
Tidal volume
What is an age related change to the respiratory system?
Decreased vital capacity
What does the vestibule detect?
Detects static equilibrium
The refraction of light rays by the cornea and lens directs towards…
The fovea centralis • (located in the centre of the macula lutea of the retina)
An elderly patient has developed metabolic alkalosis, their body will compensate by…
Decreasing the rate and depth of breathing pressure
What is the function of the albumin?
• help maintain blood osmolarity • act as a buffer • transport substances in the blood
What is the specific function of the pulmonary semilunar valve?
Prevent the backflow of blood from the pulmonary trunk to the right ventricle
What are the 3 functions of blood?
• transportation • protection • regulation
What are the 3 stages of haemostasis?
• vascular spasm • platelet plug formation • coagulation
What is the function of vascular spasm?
Narrowing the blood vessel slows blood flow and reduces blood loss for 20-30 mins
What is the function of platelet plug formation?
Seals the damaged area in the blood vessel temporarily
What is the function of coagulation?
Formation of stable clot, fibrin threads from a mesh to reinforces the platelet plug, to seal the damaged area while tissue is repaired
What is one adverse effect a patient with low haemoglobin could experience?
That patient may have fatigue/shortness of breath due to a reduced 02 carrying capacity
During a P wave, what is the eleteical events which occur?
Atria depolarise
During a P wave, what mechanical event occurs?
Atria systole