Unit 5 Atmosphere
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What gasses make up the most of the atmosphere
Nitrogen = 80 Oxygen = 20
What are the layers of the atmosphere in order
Earth Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Exosphere
Why is the globe heated unequally?
The Earth is curved so sunlight it’s different areas at different angles The albedo effect causes darker colors to absorb light and lighter colors to reflect light
What are two major wind patterns?
Tradewinds and westerlies
The radiation and position of the globe give us our seasons. What is the tilt of the Earth?
23.5°
Which way is the Earth tilted in the summer? In the winter?
Toward the sun Away from the sun
Consistent radiation at each latitude gives us our climate and biomes. What is the definition for climate?
Long-term average of weather in a specific area
Some long-term changes in climate result in a warming phase called…
Global warming
What are three conditions that change for an El Niño in the Pacific Ocean near the West Coast of South America?
Warmer waters More rainfall Tradewinds reverse directions
What is the definition of weather?
Short term state of the atmosphere in a specific area, including temperature and precipitation
What are two air masses and how are they defined?
They are defined by pressure systems. Low and high
What direction do low and high air masses flow?
Low – counter clockwise High – – clockwise
What are the four types of masses? What do each part of it mean?
Marine tropical, marine polar, continental tropical, continental polar Marine – wet Continental – dry Polar– cold Tropical – warm
What weather do warm fronts bring, and what is the symbol for?
Long and steady rain Red semi circles
What weather and symbols are cold fronts?
Short and aggressive weather Thunder Blue triangles
What weather and symbol are stationary front?
Clouds and light rain for a long time Alternating blue triangles and simple circles on opposite sides
What weather and symbols are occluded front?
Heavy rainfall Purple triangles and semi circles on the same side
What are the six main types of air pollution?
Ozone (03) Carbon monoxide (CO) Sulfur dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen oxide (NOx) P.m. 10 Lead (Pb)
What two types of air pollution cause acid rain
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen oxide (NOx)
What are three effects of acid rain?
Coral bleaching Lowers the pH of water, making it more acidic Corrosion of buildings
What is ozone?
03
What is ozone’s job in the atmosphere?
To protect us from cancer and cataracts Harmful UV rays
What causes ozone depletion
Chlorine
Explain the PHRASE good up high, not nearby
In the stratosphere, it’s good because it protects us from harmful things In the troposphere, it’s bad because it causes lung and eye damage