Chapter 3 - Structure and Bonding
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (23)
What type of bonding is present when a non-metal and a metal bond? [1]
Ionic bonding [1]
How do you show an ionic bond in diagram form? [1]
Using a dot and cross diagram [1]
Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl) bond together to form NaCl. Explain how the dot and cross diagram would be formed, and state the electronic structure of sodium and chlorine [6].
Electronic structure: Sodium - 2,8, [1] Chlorine - 2,8,8 [1] • Sodium would lose an electron [1] • As it needs to get rid of the outer electron to stabilize. [1] • Chlorine gains an electron [1] • As it needs 1 more electron to stabilize the outer shell [1]
What structure do ionic compounds have? [1]
Giant ionic lattice [1]
Describe and explain 2 properties of ionic compounds. [4]
• High melting and boiling points [1] • as there are many strong bonds between ions.[1] • Easily dissolves in water [1] • meaning they can freely move and conduct electricity [1]
What is the type of bonding present when 2 non - metals react? [1]
Covalent bonding [1]
How do the non - metals in covalent bonds obtain a full outer shell and how can it be represented? [2]
They physically share the electrons [1] It can be represented with a dot and cross diagram [1]
Give 3 properties of giant covalent structures. [3]
• Insoluble in water [1] • Very high melting and boiling points. [1] • Don’t conduct electricity [1]
State 3 properties of simple molecular substances [3]
• Very strong covalent bonds. [1] • Weak intermolecular forces [1] • Low melting and boiling points [1]
Define polymer [1]
Small units of monomers linked together to form a long molecule [1]
State 4 allotropes of carbon [4]
• Diamond [1] • Fullerenes [1] • Graphene [1] • Graphite [1]
Give 3 properties of graphite. [3]
• Layers can slide over each other [1] • Strong covalent bonds [1] • Delocalised electrons which conduct electricity. [1]
State 3 properties of graphene [3]
• Strong covalent bonds [1] • 1 atom thick [1] • Delocalised electrons conducting electricity [1]
Explain how graphene is a strong material [2]
Large network of strong covalent bonds [1] meaning it is hard to break [1] (despite being lightweight)
What is the formula of buckminsterfullerene? Choose one answer [1] • C50 • C70 • C60 • C40
• C60 [1]
What is a fullerene? [2]
• Molecules of carbon [1] shaped in hexagonal/tube shaped balls [1]
Give 3 useful properties of fullerenes [3]
High tensile strength [1] High electrical conductivity [1] (due to delocalised electrons) High thermal conductivity [1] (due to delocalised electrons)
Describe the structure of graphene [3]
Has a 1 atom thick layer [1] Conductor of heat and electricity [1] Large strength [1]
Describe the structure of metallic bonding [4]
Positive charged ions are stacked onto each other [1] Contains a sea of delocalised electrons [1] Delocalised electrons can move through structures to conduct electricity [1] Metal atoms can slide over each other [1]
Define an alloy [1]
A mixture of 2 or more elements, one of which is a metal [1]
Why are alloys harder than pure metals? [2]
Regular layers of atoms are disrupted by larger atoms [1], therefore atoms cannot slide as easily [1]
Give 2 uses of nanoparticles [2]
Suncream [1] Cosmetic products [1]
Give 2 risks of the use of nanoparticles [2]
Can cause damage to respiratory health if inhaled [1] Large surface area can increase risk of explosion [1]