12 alkanes

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

define hydrocarbon

Back (Answer)

compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only

Front (Question)

define saturated compounds

Back (Answer)

compounds containing single bonds only

Front (Question)

define alkane

Back (Answer)

saturated hydrocarbons that contain only C-C and C-H single bonds

Front (Question)

what is the general formula of an alkane?

Back (Answer)

C n H 2n+2

Front (Question)

describe boiling points in alkanes

Back (Answer)

boiling points increase as carbon chain length increases boiling points decrease when only branching increases both affect induced dipole dipole forces

Front (Question)

name a process for separating an alkane from a mixture of compounds

Back (Answer)

fractional distillation

Front (Question)

outline the essential features of the fractional distillation of crude oil that enable the crude oil to be separated into fractions

Back (Answer)

• fractions have different boiling points • depending on carbon chain length • very hot at bottom of column and cooler at top • longer molecules with higher bp condense at the bottom and smaller molecules with lower bp condense at the top

Front (Question)

define fractions

Back (Answer)

mixtures of hydrocarbons with the same boiling point

Front (Question)

what does cracking do?

Back (Answer)

converts long chain molecules into shorter chain molecules

#10

Front (Question)

why do oil companies need to crack heavy fractions?

Back (Answer)

smaller chain molecules are in higher demand

#11

Front (Question)

what are the two types of cracking?

Back (Answer)

thermal catalytic

#12

Front (Question)

how does cracking convert long chain molecules into shorter chain molecules?

Back (Answer)

by breaking the C-C bonds

#13

Front (Question)

what do thermal and catalytic cracking produce high % of?

Back (Answer)

thermal: alkenes catalytic: cycloalkanes and branched alkanes

#14

Front (Question)

give the conditions for thermal cracking

Back (Answer)

700-1200K 7000kPa

#15

Front (Question)

give the conditions for catalytic cracking

Back (Answer)

720K 100kPa zeolite catayst

#16

Front (Question)

what is combustion in alkanes?

Back (Answer)

reaction with oxygen that releases energy

#17

Front (Question)

what are the two types of combustion?

Back (Answer)

incomplete complete

#18

Front (Question)

give the conditions for both complete and incomplete combustion

Back (Answer)

complete: plentiful supply of oxygen incomplete: limited supply of oxygen

#19

Front (Question)

what does complete combustion form?

Back (Answer)

CO2 and H2O

#20

Front (Question)

what does incomplete combustion form?

Back (Answer)

C or CO2 and H2O

#21

Front (Question)

all hydrocarbon based fuels deriving from crude oil may produce pollutants when combusted. name the pollutants

Back (Answer)

CO2 (g) H2O (l) CO (g) C (s) SO2 (g) oxides of nitrogen unburnt hydrocarbons

#22

Front (Question)

why is CO2 a pollutant?

Back (Answer)

causes global warming

#23

Front (Question)

why is H2O (l) a pollutant?

Back (Answer)

is a greenhouse gas

#24

Front (Question)

why is CO (g) a pollutant?

Back (Answer)

is toxic