C8 - Acids, bases and salts (Only C8.1 - C8.3)

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

When any substance is dissolved in water it forms an

Back (Answer)

aqueous solution

Front (Question)

Aqueous solutions can be either

Back (Answer)

acidic, alkaline or neutral

Front (Question)

What does an indicator do

Back (Answer)

tells if a solution is acidic, alkaline, or neutral by changing color

Front (Question)

Acids are substances that form

Back (Answer)

Hydrogen (H+) ions when dissolved in water

Front (Question)

A base is any substance that can

Back (Answer)

neutralize an acid

Front (Question)

Acids are proton

Back (Answer)

donors

Front (Question)

Bases are proton

Back (Answer)

acceptors

Front (Question)

Bases can either be

Back (Answer)

soluble or insoluble in water

Front (Question)

Bases that are soluble in water are called

Back (Answer)

alkalis

#10

Front (Question)

Alkalis are substances that release

Back (Answer)

hydroxide (OH-) ions in aqueous solutions which are typically metal hydroxides

#11

Front (Question)

Two main types of insoluble bases are

Back (Answer)

metal carbonates and metal oxides

#12

Front (Question)

All acids ionize (become ions) in aqueous solutions and the strength of the acid is determined by

Back (Answer)

how much it ionizes water

#13

Front (Question)

Characteristics and examples of weak acids

Back (Answer)

Only partially ionize in water meaning not all acid molecules break up (dissociate) to form H+ ions Most acids are weak acids Example: ethanoic acid CH3COOH <==> CH3COO- + H+ Citric acid Carbonic acid

#14

Front (Question)

Characteristics and examples of strong acids

Back (Answer)

They fully ionize in water meaning all the acid molecules break up (dissociate) to form H+ ions Example: HCI ==> H+ + Cl- HNO3 ==> H+ + NO3- Other strong acids include: sulfuric and nitric acid

#15

Front (Question)

When bases neutralize acids they form

Back (Answer)

salt and water

#16

Front (Question)

Characteristics and examples of weak bases

Back (Answer)

Weak bases don’t fully ionize in aqueous solutions as only a few of the molecules break up (dissociate) to form OH- ions Example: Ammonia NH3 NH3 + H2O ==> NH4+ + OH-

#17

Front (Question)

Characteristics and examples of strong bases

Back (Answer)

Strong bases full ionize in aqueous solutions meaning all the molecules break up (dissociate) to form OH- ions Examples of strong bases include: Potassium hydroxide: KOH ==> K+ + OH- Sodium hydroxide: NaOH ==> Na+ + OH-

#18

Front (Question)

When acids react with metals what is produced

Back (Answer)

a hydrogen and a salt

#19

Front (Question)

Examples of acids + metals

Back (Answer)

Zinc + sulfuric acid ==> zinc sulfate + hydrogen Magnesium + hydrochloric acid ==> magnesium chloride + hydrogen

#20

Front (Question)

What is a neutralization reaction

Back (Answer)

when an acid and a base react to form a salt and water

#21

Front (Question)

Metal carbonate, metal oxides and metal hydroxides are all

Back (Answer)

bases

#22

Front (Question)

When an acid reacts with metal hydroxides it forms

Back (Answer)

salt + water i.e hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide ==> sodium chloride + water

#23

Front (Question)

When an acid reacts with a metal oxide it forms

Back (Answer)

salt + water i.e hydrochloric acid + magnesium oxide ==> magnesium chloride + water

#24

Front (Question)

When bases are heated with ammonium salts it gives off

Back (Answer)

ammonium gas