4 Biology - Animal Nutrition
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what is nutrition?
set of processes the organism uses to provide itself with food
where do reactions of chemical substances take place?
cytoplasm
what are carbohydrates for?
energy source for respiration
what are proteins for?
growth and repair
what are lipids for?
energy
what are the two types of carbohydrates?
simple (sugar) complex (glucose)
how does a glucose molecule look like?
hexagon
what are carbohydrates made up of?
elements: carbon hydrogen oxygen carbs are made up of glucose units in a long chain
what are proteins made up of?
elements: carbon oxygen nitrogen proteins are made up of amino acids they make up the structure of cells
what are lipids made up of?
glycerol fatty acids lipids are fats and oils
what is cytoplasm made of?
salts and water
what is the food test for carbohydrates (simple sugars)? (shelock holmes)
benedict’s test goes from purple to orange
what is the food test for carbohydrates (complex-starch)?
iodine solution becomes purple/black
what is the food test for proteins?
biuret test becomes purple for positive result
what test is used to detect lipids -oils?
ethanol test cloudy white suspension
what test is used to detect lipids -fats?
brown paper test leaves translucent spots on brown paper
why is it important to have a balanced diet?
important for: • immune system • development/growth • enzymes • respiration unbalanced diet may cause: • diseases (ex diabetes) • obesity • malnutrition
what do you get if you have a lack of vitamin C?
scurvy makes your gums bleed
what do you get if you have alack of vitamin D?
rickets bones become weak and may bend
what do you get if you have a lack of vitamin A?
poor night vision
what do you get if you have a lack of vitamin B?
beri-beri disease that can affect heart function, damage nerves, and lead to loss of muscle strength
what do you get if you have iron deficiency?
anaemia decrease in amount of red blood cells you become weak
what do you get if you have protein deficiency?
kwashiorkor causes children to have bloated belly
what do you get if you have calcium deficiency?
makes bones/teeth weak