HT Temperature

Unit of temperature is called a degree Based on the boiling and freezing points of water Boiling point=100 Freezing point=0 Anders Celsius

The unit of temperature is called a kelvin Kelvin explains behaviour of gases Absolute zero is the coldest possible temperature its measured in kelvin 0 kelvin= -273 C 373= 100 C Lord William Thompson Kelvin

Mechanical or electrical device to measure temperature Usually contains alcohol Relies on expansion and contraction of the alcohol

The setting or correcting of a measuring device

Place a thermometer in ice, and check if its accurate

Wires made up of two different metals that are twisted together When heat is applied to one end an electric current happens The amount of current depends on the temperature and type of wires Measures a wide range of temperature Used in furnaces, jet engines and hot plates

Mad eof two metals joined together When the strip is heated one metal expands more than the other making the strip coil more tightly Movement of the strip can operate a switch taht can control a furnace Often used in thermostats

The tranfer of energy throhgh direct contact between particles This happens when a SOLID touches a SOLID

Materials for easy tranfer of heat Increase the rate of heat transfer in conduction Silver, copper, iron, aluminum, metals

Materials that dont transfer heat easily Decreases the rate of heat transfer in conduction and are used to control heat transfer Air, styrofoam, fybroglass

The transfer of energy through the movement of heated fluids Occurs in liquids and gases (fluids, takes the shape of its container) During convection, fluids travel in a circular motion called a CONVECTION CURRENT Lava lamp, boiling water, radiator

During convection, fluids travel in a circular motion

Warmer fluids sre less dense than cool fluids (more spaces between the particles) causes the fluid to rise up Cooler fluids are more dense (less space between particles) this causes tehfluid to sink Fluids are gases and liquids

You can use a vacuum Air is removed in a compartment surrounding the liquid container creating a vacuum Convection is prevented by stopping the air from circulating (No interaction of fluid particles)

The transfer of energy without any movement of matter (radiant energy) No particles involved Travels at extremely high speeds (300 000 km/s) Travels in waves and straight lines

Radiation there are no fluids in space to do convection or conduction

If the energy source is a warm object, like the sun, some of the thermal energy is transferred as infrared radiation

Occurs if the energy passes through an object completely

Occurs if the energy cannot pass through an object Light,shiny objects (mirrors)

Occurs if the energy penetrates partially through an object Dull dark objects

Transmit Reflect Absorb Radiation is controlled by Reflection