The Respiratory System: It’s A Gas!
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Cellular respiration depends on a continuous?
Supply of oxygen, found in abundance in the air we breathe
Using oxygen produces carbon dioxide, which would become toxic if allowed to?
Build in the blood stream; and it must be removed
The respiratory system is closely related to the cardiovascular system and they are grouped together as the?
Cardiopulmonary system
____ is the bulk movement of air down to the terminal air sacs, or alveoli, of the lungs?
Ventilation
_____is the process of gas exchange, in which oxygen is added to the blood and carbon dioxide is removed
Respiration
Movement of oxygen from the alveoli to the blood is called?
External respiration
Movement of oxygen from the blood to the cells is the?
Internal respiration
The upper airways begin at the?
Nostrils, or nares, and end at the vocal cords
What are the functions of the upper airways ?
Heating or cooling air to body temperature Filtering Humidifying Sense of smell Producing sounds or phonations Ventilation,or conducting gas to lose airways
The nasal cavity, behind the nose, is divided into 3 main regions?
The vestibular, olfactory, and respiratory regions
The vestibular region is located inside the nostrils and contains the coarse nasal hairs that act as?
The first line of defense for the respiratory system
The pharynx can be divided into 3 sections which are?
-Nasopharynx -Oropharynx -Laryngopharynx
The nasopharynx is the uppermost section behind the nasal cavity that contains?
Lymphatic tissue called adenoids (pharyngeal tonsils) Passageways into the middle ear called the Eustachian tubes
The oropharynx is the center section of the pharynx and is located behind the mouth is made up of what tissue?
Stratified squamous epithelium
The laryngopharynx is the lowest portion of the pharynx that connects both the ?
Larynx as part of the respiratory system, and the esophagus as part of the digestive system
The larynx, commonly known as the voice box, is composed of cartilage connected by?
Muscles and ligaments that provide movement of the vocal cords to control our speech
A leaf shaped fibrocartilage, flaplike structure, called the epiglottis______?
Closes when we swallow to prevent food from entering the lungs
The vocal cords act as the dividing line between the?
Upper and lower airways
The lower airway starts?
Below the vocal cords
The upper airway ends?
At the vocal cords
The lower respiratory tract resembles an?
Upside down tree
The trachea is the largest pipe along the?
Lower respiratory tract and can be thought of as the trunk of the tree
The bronchi must branch into the 5 lobular bronchi that corresponds tot he 5 lobes of the lungs ?
3 in the right and 2 in the right
The walls of the alveolar ducts are made up of?
Squamous cells arranged in a tubular configuration