2nd qtr: Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells

Unicellular organisms. absence of a “true nucleus”. The genetic material of this cell is: the nucleoid, suspended in the cytoplasm. Bacteria is the best-known prokaryotic cell.

They divide asexually by binary fission. The sexual mode of reproduction involves conjugation.

Higher forms of organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, and protists, possess a complex type of cell. Has genetic material (DNA) encased inside a distinct nucleus, and its organelles are neatly arranged in compartments surrounded by membranes.

The cells divide by a process called mitosis.

The cell has mitochondria.

Found in simple organisms such as bacteria, blue-green algae, and archaeans.

The cell wall is made up of Carbohydrates and amino acids.

Lacks a nuclear membrane.

Mitochondria, Golgi bodies, chloroplast, and lysosomes are absent.

Has no organelles.

Possesses a region, called the nucleoid region, where it stores hereditary information (DNA).

The Nucleus contains a single, linear DNA, which carries all the genetic information.

A cell wall is the outermost layer of this type of cell.

Contains a cytoskeletal structure.

Has the nucleus enclosed within the Nuclear Membrane.

Flagella and Cilia are the locomotory organs in this type of cell.

The Plasma Membrane acts as the Mitochondrial Membrane carrying respiratory enzymes.

The Histone Proteins, the important constituents of eukaryotic chromosomes, are lacking in them.

The genetic material is present on a single chromosome.