enzymes
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what an enzyme do in a reaction?
low the activation energy
what are the six mains groups of enzymes
oxidoreductase transferase hydrolase lyase isomerase liagase
what an oxidoreductase do
catalyze oxidation or reduction of substrate
what the enzyme transferase do
Catalyze a shift of a chemical group from a donor to acceptor substrate
what the enzyme hydrolase do
Catalyze the hydrolysis (with help of water) of substrates i.e.breaking of bonds
which is the most important enzyme
hydrolase
what the enzyme lyase do
Catalyze the removal or addition of chemical groups to substrates
what the enzyme isomerase do
Catalyze intramolecular rearrangements
what the enzyme ligase do
catalyze combinations of substrates
Glycoside hydrolase is a type of hydrolase. What is some enzymes that hydrolyze starch
alpha amylase, beta amylase, glucoamylase, pullulunase
what is the enzyme invertase and lactase?
invertase: An enzyme that hydrolyzes the glycosidic bond between glucose and fructose in sucrose lactase: An enzyme that hydrolyses the glycosidic bond between galactose and glucose in lactose
Pectinase is another example of hydrolase what does this enzyme do
occurs in fruits and veg, and it is responsible for the degradation of pectic substances
what are examples of proteases
papain (meat tenderizer) trypsin and chymotrypsin pepsin chymosin (rennin)
which enzyme is this Enzymes that all hydrolyze ester bonds between fattyacids and a glycerol molecule
lipase
what are the 2 classes of lipase
1,3 lipase and 2-lipase
what are the impact of lipase on food
• hydrolytic rancidity - they modify the porperties of lipids
what is glucose isomerase
is an exmple of isomerase. They catalyzes isomeric rearrangement of glucose to fructose
gives examples of oxidoreductase
lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase
describe lipoxygenase and polyphenol oxidase
lipoxygenase: specific fot oxidation of fatty acids. They play a role in bleaching of wheat. Its ction can be delayed by sing antioxidants polyphenol oxidase : catalyzes the oxidation of phenolic compounds in the presence of O2 to give quinones which polymerize into melanin pigments
what is alpha benzoquinone
gives the undersirable browning of apples, banans, shrimp etc