Chapter 1
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Approaches to conflict resolution
Politics without repression, politics of reconciliation.
Politics
Authoritative allocations, resolution of conflicts, gathering support for collective projects.
Power
The ability to induce others to do what one wants.
Forms of political power
Influence, coercion, authority
Influence
Power of persuasion
Coercion
Ability to force people to do things through fear.
Authority
The right to exercise power through public respect.
Legitimacy
How people respond to the command of their leaders.
Authority of coercion
Power without legitimacy
Types of public authority
Traditional, rational-legal, charismatic.
Traditional Authority
Authority based on inherited position or custom
Rational legal authority
Power originates in law and rests with legally created offices, not with any individuals.
Political modernization
The transition for on traditional to rational legal authority
Charismatic authority
Authority based on personal qualities
When do charismatic leaders occur?
In times of social crisis, and political modernization. This is a one generation phenomenon
Sovereignty
Highest authority of the state
Ideas of sovereignty
Personal, parliamentary, and popular
Personal sovereignty
Sovereignty of an absolute monarch
Parliamentary sovereignty
Absurd power to parliament and not a monarch
Popular sovereignty
Supreme authority resides in the people themselves and not parliament delegates. Only possible through direct democracy.
Domestic sovereignty
Power to make laws, to enforce laws, and to control all the administrative functions of government.
International sovereignty
Right to deal with other sovereign governments as equals. Right to domestic sovereignty without intervention.
Criteria for a state
Population, territory, sovereignty
Functions of the state
Maintain social order, prevent internal conflicts. Defended against internal threats, provision of public goods.