Animal Science Chapter 2
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what is the most important meat source?
pig
what animals produce most of the world’s meat supply?
pig, combined poultry, combined beef & buffalo
pig makes up ___ percent all poultry makes up ____ beef and buffalo make up _____ everything else make ___
pig 36.6% combined poultry 35% beef& buffalo 21.8% other meat 6.8%
red meat and poultry provide what?
economic development and more industrial presence
what are by-products? name some
by products are what is left in the animal carcass after products of greatest value are removed. they still have value & are called specialty foods/variety meats. can include liver, sweetbread, kidney, tongue, etc.
annual per capita of milk ranges from? how many metric tons of milk do humans consume per year?
750 lbs. per year ; 770 million MT (including fluid & processed milk)
cattle supply ___ of worlds milk supply buffalo supply ___ of the worlds milk supply goats supply ___ of the worlds milk supply sheep supply ___ of the worlds milk supply camels supply ___ of the worlds milk supply
83% 13% 2.4% 1.3% 0.4%
how much does chicken egg production increase?
2.1% yearly worldwide
animal products provide (RED MEAT/POULTRY*)
protein, energy, minerals, & essential vitamins. they are nutrient dense
additional animal products
honey, blood, fat, hides/skins
nonfood animal contributions
URINE&MANURE* (waste/inedibles) PEST CONTROL* draft power storage/conservation cultural uses fiber/skins income
most important products from sheep, goats, and alpacas?
sheep - wool & Persian lambskins goats - cashmere & mohair
what is an advantage of sheep/goats/alpacas?
the fiber is RENEWABLE. they can sheer the wool off, and it will grow back.
skins and hides are
NONRENEWABLE (from same animal); in highly developed countries, skins & hides are valuable by products (value still relatively small compared to carcass)
wool, hair, & feathers for?
in the COTTEGE industry; clothing, pillows, bedding, carpets, brushes, etc.
goats produce ___ and ____
mohair, from angora goat-lustrous AND cashmere (pashmina) from Kashmir goat-underfur
cattle hides, wool, and sheepskins are produced
in the highest volume
name more body coverings
mohair & cashmere from goats fabrics & paintbrushes from camels (long hair) clothing & horse blankets from yaks (coarse fiber) feathers for pillows, bedding, jewelry, etc.
list animals commonly used for draft power
oxen/buffalo horses/mules donkeys camels
importance of manure
-about 1/2 of worlds farmers depend on animal manure/compost as fertilizer -can be used as FUEL* for cooking/heating -may be used as plaster in Africa/Asia -in Peru/Uruguay houses built of blocks 50% manure -Poultices (WOUND HEALING*)
what percent of U.S cropland is fertilized with manure?
only 5%, and most is dairy/hog operations
importance of urine
-enhance soil fertility due to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content* -dust/pest control* -medicinal purposes* -leather/textiles -hair rinse
advantages of using animals to graze fallow land?
-they can regulate weed growth/harmful insects, protecting crops and reducing insect-borne disease in the human population -graze crops & the manure rejuvenates the soil
how are animals used in developing countries?
-no banks/banks scarcely used, so they store surplus capital (cattle) -if money is needed, animals can be bartered/sold