unit 2.4
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What functional group is present in edible fats and oils?
Ester link
What type of carboxylic acids are produced when edible fats and oils are hydrolysed?
Fatty acids
How can you determine if a fatty acid is saturated or unsaturated from its molecular formula?
Saturated = CnH2n+1 COOH; Unsaturated has less hydrogens
What is the systematic and traditional name of the alcohol produced when edible fats and oils are hydrolysed?
Glycerol (propane-1,2,3-triol)
What is the shortened structural formula of the alcohol produced when edible fats and oils are hydrolysed?
CH2(OH)CH(OH)CH2OH
What is the ratio of fatty acid molecules to glycerol in the condensation reaction to produce edible fats and oils?
3:1
How can you compare the degree of unsaturation in different oils?
Add Br2(aq); the most unsaturated oil will react with a greater volume of Br2(aq)
Why do we need edible fats and oils in our diet?
Source of energy; stores and transports fat soluble vitamins
What is the difference in the melting point of fats and oils?
Fats are more saturated, allowing closer packing and higher melting points; oils are more unsaturated, leading to weaker van der Waals forces and lower melting points.
How are fats made from oils?
Margarine is made from vegetable oils through hydrogenation, making the molecules more saturated.
How do you test for unsaturation in compounds?
Unsaturated compounds decolourise bromine solution; polyunsaturated compounds decolourise more bromine solution.